Sources: Fleischer, M, 1975, Glossary of Mineral Species; Lyman, K., ed., 1984, Simon & Schuster's Guide to Gems and Precious Stones; Mitchell, R.S., 1979, Mineral Names What Do They Mean?; Spencer, L.J., M.H. Hay, et al, various dates, "Annual lists of new mineral names", Mineralogical Magazine; Chambers Etymological English Dictionary; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Webster's New Twentieth Century Dictionary (unabridged).